Otorhinolaryngology
is the medical specialty that focuses on disorders in the ear, nose, throat (ENT), and head and neck. It encompasses a wide range of disorders, including hearing, balance, smell, taste, voice, speech-language, and swallowing.
An audiometry evaluation is a painless, noninvasive hearing test that measures a person's ability to hear different sounds, pitches, or frequencies. Results of audiometric tests are used to diagnose hearing loss or diseases of the ear, and often make use. Degrees of hearing loss
• Normal hearing (0-25 dB): At this level, hearing is within normal limits.
• Mild hearing loss (26-40 dB): Mild hearing loss may cause inattention, difficulty suppressing background noise, and increased listening efforts. Patients with this degree of loss may not hear soft speech. Children may be fatigued after listening for long periods.
• Moderate hearing loss (41-55 dB): Moderate hearing loss may affect language development, syntax and articulation, interaction with peers, and self-esteem. Patients with this degree of loss have trouble hearing some conversational speech.
• Moderate-severe hearing loss (56-70 dB): Moderate-severe hearing loss may cause difficulty with speech and decreased speech intelligibility. Patients with this degree of loss do not hear most conversational-level speech.
• Severe hearing loss (71-90 dB): Severe hearing loss may affect voice quality.
• Profound hearing loss (>90 dB): With profound hearing loss (deafness), speech and language deteriorate.
Examination of ear nose and throat (using up to date endoscopic as well as microscopic examinations). Examination of Ear is vital in assessment of the hearing as well as the appearance of the ear which also includes:
• Inspecting the External.
• Inspecting Ear Canal and Eardrum.
• Inspecting Tympanic membrane. Examination of the nose Full nose examinations assess the function, airway resistance and occasionally sense of smell. It includes looking into the mouth and pharynx. Common symptoms of nasal disease include:
• Airway obstruction.
• Rhinorrhoea (runny nose).
• Sneezing.
• Loss of smell (anosmia).
• Facial pain caused by sinusitis.
• Snoring (associated with nasal obstruction).
Examination of the Throat Includes a thorough examination of the oral cavity which also includes Mouth, tongue, buccal area and the gingivolabial sulcus, nasopharynx and larynx.
ALA The purpose of surgery to the ears, nose, throat, head, and neck is to treat an abnormality (defect or disease) in these anatomical areas.
• Endoscopic sinus surgery.
• Microscopic surgery of ear and larynx.
• Head and neck surgery.
• Septoplasty and Septorhinoplasty.
• Tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy.
• Snoring and Sleep apnea surgery.
• Loss of smell (anosmia).
• Facial pain caused by sinusitis.
• Snoring (associated with nasal obstruction).
(More commonly referred to as a nose job) is a surgical procedure that reshapes or resizes the nose. It's performed for a variety of reasons, including a visible bump on the nasal bridge, a nasal tip that's droopy or enlarged, a nose that is off-center or crooked, or a previous injury that's made the nose asymmetrical.
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